Classification:
It can be divided into two categories according to the applicable wavelength range:
Ordinary 96-well plate: The general material is polystyrene, and the applicable wavelength range is generally 340-900nm;
UV detection board: It is produced through a special process and using new resin materials. The applicable wavelength range is 200-900nm. The absorbance value of ordinary boards below 340nm is higher than that of UV boards. You can determine whether it is a UV board by detecting the absorbance value of an empty board.
It can be divided into three categories according to different fluxes:
96-well: Can be used in multi-channel pipettes and automated workstations.
384-well: Mainly used in automated workstations. Multi-channel pipettes can also be used, but the operation is relatively cumbersome.
1536 holes: used in automated workstations
Different throughput microplates are mainly selected based on the number of experimental samples. For the use of high-pore density plates, the cost savings of a small reaction system must be weighed against the cost of the operating process.
It can be divided into three categories according to different binding forces:
High binding capacity: After the surface of the high-binding enzyme plate is treated, the protein binding capacity increases, which can improve the sensitivity and relatively reduce the concentration and dosage of the coating protein. The disadvantage is that it is easier to produce non-specific reactions. After the antigen or antibody is coated, non-ionic detergents cannot effectively block the unbound protein parts, so protein must be used as a blocking agent.
Medium binding force: Medium binding force enzyme plate is suitable as a solid phase carrier for macromolecular proteins with a molecular weight >20kD. It is suitable for use as a solid phase carrier for unpurified antibodies or antigens and can reduce potential non-specific cross-reactions. This type of plate can Inert protein or nonionic detergent as blocking solution.
Amination: After surface modification, it has a positively charged amino group, and its hydrophobic bonds are replaced by hydrophilic bonds. This type of microplate is suitable as a solid phase carrier for small molecule proteins. Using the appropriate buffer and pH, its surface can bind to negatively charged small molecules through ionic bonds. Due to the hydrophilic nature of its surface and its ability to be covalently bound by other cross-linking agents, it can be used to immobilize protein molecules dissolved in detergents such as Triton-100 and Tween 20. The disadvantage of this type of plate is that due to the reduced hydrophobicity, some protein molecules cannot bind; in addition, its surface needs to be effectively blocked. Due to the hydrophilic and covalent surface properties, the blocking solution used must be able to interact with non-reactive amino groups and any functional groups in the chosen cross-linker.
According to the color of the board, it can be divided into three categories:
Transparent enzyme plate: the most commonly used plate, suitable for detection of absorbed light and used for color reactions
White enzyme plate: can be used for weak light detection, often used for general chemiluminescence and substrate color development
Black ELISA plate: The black ELISA plate itself will absorb light, so its signal is weaker than the white ELISA plate. It is generally used to detect stronger light, such as fluorescence reactions.